From Separation to Loss of Identity: A Qualitative Explanation of Homelessness of Addicted People in Tehran

Introduction: The phenomenon of homelessness in the big cities of Iran, particularly in Tehran is a new subject as a serious social problem which was discussed in the public arena. The word "Homelessness", is mostly used for those who mainly spend nights in public spaces such as sidewalks, parks or under bridges. Therefore, in the literature of this problem, it is assumed that the homelessness and addiction are closed to each other. Therefore the purpose of this study was to examine the process and to analyze the experiences of homeless drug addicted people in the both sexes. Method: This research is a qualitative and grounded theory. By purposeful sampling and then theoretical sampling, finally, 20 people (9 males and 11 females) from homeless in Tehran participated in the study and sampling continued until data saturation. The data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and observations. Data analysis was performed to determine the trend using the method recommended by Strauss and Corbin (1998). Results: the mean of participant’s age was 36.2. Generally, the "addicted homelessness" is a two-step process that each phase has unique categories: 1-The Stage of separation from stable habitations including concepts of protecting family by separation, escaping from family problems, expulsion from home, losing the home. 2- Stage of stable homelessness .this Stage has four major domains that include categories: the elusive shelter, Informal and contravened subsistence, priority of exploitation in relationships, personal and social identity losers. Conclusion:  In the phase of separation from the stable phase and homelessness of the individual, in addition to the problem of substance abuse with the new dimensions of this type of life, onechr('39')s identity becomes elusive, offensive, damaged and socially excluded. This puts her at this costly cycle of survival at any cost. Therefore, this group can be considered as a severely damaged and involved in various social, legal and psychological issues. Given the complexity of the homelessness dimensions of addicts, there is a need for coordinated interventions between the individual, family and support systems at all levels.